The planet is home to an astounding number of animal species ranging from 20 to 30 million, each having their own distinct perception on the world. Incredible species with which we cohabit our world.
Animal Facts: 16 Incredible Facts about Animals You Didn't Know

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The Zoological Line

Zoological Line represents the second line of hope, delving into the profound impacts viruses have on animal life into their behaviors. Viral outbreaks have profoundly affected diverse animal species, influencing their populations and habitats. At its core, zoology seeks to understand the fundamental principles governing animal biology. This includes anatomy and morphology—examining the structural diversity. Life Line underscores the preservation of biodiversity conservation and provides essential knowledge for addressing current and future challenges facing animal characteristics.

ACTINOPTERI

The Actinopteri, or ray-finned fishes, are the largest class of fishes. It has been in existence for approximately 400 million years, going back to the Early Devonian. It is composed of approximately 42 orders, which contain over 480 families, at least 80 of which are only known from fossils.This class comprises the largest of living organisms and fossil fishes, with around 26,900 species currently existing. Ray-finned fishes are found in marine biodiversity across the globe, spreading from the depths of ocean trenches to the upper reaches of mountain streams. These organisms can flourish in harsh environments characterized by acidic, extremely cold, highly saline, low oxygen, changing, and rapidly moving water conditions.

AVES

Approximately 10,000 species of Aves are found in nearly every corner of the ecosystem on Earth, and they exhibit a variety of activities including nest-building, courtship, territorial behavior, and parental care. The size range of these birds is millimeters to meters, from Bee to Ostrich. Aves can survive and procreate because of their ease of environmental adaptation. Their anatomy has been altered to better their ability to fly, such as the removal of organs to reduce weight when in flight. Developing wings allows the bird to have aerodynamics similar to those of an airplane, making it the most significant adaptation mechanism. Seabirds and waterbirds are two examples of birds that have adapted to live in aquatic habitats. Among their shared characteristics are their wings (reformed front limbs), beaks devoid of teeth (except a few Mesozoic fossil birds that had conical teeth in both jaws), oviparous reproduction, complete double circulation, and feathers.

AMPHIBIA

An amphibian is a member of the Amphibia class. Amphibians are vertebrates that are capable of living in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. They are classified as members of the Amphibia class. The dual life strategy employed by these organisms is characterized by the term "amphibian," which is derived from the Greek word "amphibios," which means "living a double life." While some species permanently reside on land, others live a fully aquatic lifestyle. There are currently around 8,100 identified species of live amphibians. Currently, the group of amphibians consists of frogs and toads (order Anura), newts and salamanders (order Caudata), and caecilians (order Gymnophiona).

INSECTA

Insecta, also known as hexapoda, are the largest in the phylum Arthropoda. They have bodies, jointed legs, and exoskeletons. The head, thorax, and abdomen are the three primary sections of the body that differentiate insects from other arthropods. Insects are extremely abundant, with approximately one million described species worldwide, accounting for approximately 75% of all known animal species. The majority of insects are small, typically measuring less than a quarter of an inch in length, although their size can differ significantly.

MALACOSTRACA

With around 30,000 species living in both above- and below-ground waters of the ocean and inland seas, the class Malacostraca is the biggest among the arthropod subphylum Crustacea. Only a small number of groups, including common pill bugs and coconut crabs, have even adapted to terrestrial habitats. These crustaceans make up the great majority of the organisms consumed by humans. This class shares three body parts, each with jointed appendages, including two pairs of antennae on the head, including the thorax (eight segments), abdomen (six to seven segments), and head (five segments). Crayfish and crabs are examples of animals whose head and thorax are sometimes united to form a cephalothorax.

MAMMALIA

Mammals are all animals that belong to the class Mammalia. Within the animal kingdom, mammals are within the Vertebrata category and are among the most evolved animals. There are over 6,000 kinds of live animals on the earth. Because they are found all over the world, they have adapted effectively to their surroundings, which include rivers, rainforests, arctic climates, deserts, and so on. Their presence of mammary glands helps them to feed their young. Mammals are hairy animals having three middle ear bones, a diaphragm, mammary glands that secrete milk to soothe young, and a lower jaw consisting of just one pair of bones that articulate differently with the skull.

REPTILIA

The class Reptiles are a class of animals that breathe air, reproduce through internal fertilization, undergo amniotic development, and have epidermal scales that cover some or all of their body. There are more than 8,700 species in the major categories of present reptiles. The majority of reptiles possess a continuous outer layer composed of epidermal scales. Alpha keratin is a feature that is found in other vertebrates, as well as in the scales and interscalar skin of reptiles. Keratin provides the primary element of reptilian scales. Their scales can vary in size, ranging from the minuscule tubercular scales found on dwarf geckos to the comparatively larger body scales seen in many species of lizards and snakes.

BIVALVIA

The diverse class of mollusks known as bivalves also referred to as "pelecypods" or "lamellibranchs," that is found in both freshwater and saltwater marine habitats. These members of the class Bivalvia are vital to the environment because they provide food and also serve as water filters. They are necessary in terms of commercial use to humans, besides being invasive species and food sources. Bivalves are classified as members of the phylum Mollusca because they have a calcium carbonate shell and a mantle covering their bodies. They live in or are near water, using lamellar gills for breathing. More than 42,000 species of fossils have been described, and the earliest fossils are believed to date from the Early Cambrian period. For the majority of their existence, bivalves have been among the most ecologically significant and taxonomically varied groups of marine organisms.

EUCHELICERATA

The subphylum Chelicerata of the Arthropoda is home to horseshoe crabs, sea spiders, and other arachnids such as mites, harvestmen, scorpions, and spiders. The word "chelicerae" refers to the pincer-like projections that are located in front of the mouth. The early chelicerate ancestors of the subphylum were the extinct species Mollisonia and the Habeliida, which split off from Mandibulata around the mid-Cambrian epoch. Chelicerates include segmented bodies and jointed appendages coated in a thick layer of chitinous cuticle, just like other arthropods. These animals comprise a varied category with about 77,000 identified species.

CHILOPODA

Class Chilipoda, often known as Centipedes, are segmented, worm-like arthropods with between 12 and 100 body segments. To catch prey, they have modified legs with venomous claws and joined antennae on their heads. Being nocturnal, they spend the day in damp, shadowy areas like beneath leaves, fallen logs, bark, or rocks. The foot-long Scolopendra gigantea species, which is found in South America, is the largest centipede. As predators, centipedes typically consume insects. The house centipede is one of the more than 3,000 kinds of centipedes that can be found in wet areas of homes. Originally from Mexico, this 1.5-inch-long, feathery insect eater is currently found throughout the United States. Although it originated in Mexico, house centipedes may now be found all throughout the country.

CEPHALOPODA

Approximately there are 650 to 700 species of cephalops, which are classified into two subclasses and five orders. They are marine organisms that are living on the Earth's ocean. This class is the most diverse in terms of physical structure and behavioral habits within the phylum Mollusca. Moreover, the term "cephalopoda" is derived from the Greek words for "head foot" and refers to the most intricate brain of any category of invertebrate. Cephalopods are distinguished by a fully integrated head and foot, which is encircled by a ring of limbs and/or tentacles. More than 10,000 fossil species have been identified, and the fossil record of cephalopods is extensive.

REFERENCES

Zug, G. R., & Duellman, W. E. (2018). Amphibian | animal. In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/animal/amphibian
Britannica. (2019). Insect - Damage to growing crops. In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/animal/insect/Damage-to-growing-crops
Thorp, J. H., & Rogers, D. C. (2011). Aquatic Sow Bugs, Scuds, and Opossum Shrimp. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 147–156). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-381426-5.00017-x
Weitzman, S. H. (2024, June 1). teleost. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/animal/teleost
Vedantu. (n.d.). Mammalia. VEDANTU. https://www.vedantu.com/biology/mammalia
What is a mammal? (n.d.). The Australian Museum. https://australian.museum/learn/species-identification/ask-an-expert/what-is-a-mammal/#:~:text=Mammals%20are%20vertebrates%20with%20hair,unique%20way%20with%20the%20skull.
Aves - Definition and Examples - Biology Online Dictionary. (2023, May 29). Biology Articles, Tutorials & Dictionary Online. https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/aves
Dowling, H. G., & Zug, G. R. (2018). Reptile. In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/animal/reptile
Class Bivalvia. Digital Atlas of Ancient Life. (2022, February 14). https://www.digitalatlasofancientlife.org/learn/mollusca/bivalvia/
Chatterjee, A. (2024, March 30). Chelicerata - facts, classes, habitat, examples, & pictures. AnimalFact.com. https://animalfact.com/chelicerata/
Wheeler, K., & Fautin, D. G. (2001). Cephalopoda. Animal Diversity Web. https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cephalopoda/
General features of cephalopods | Britannica. (2021, April 29). Www.britannica.com. https://www.britannica.com/summary/cephalopod
Fish | Definition, Species, Classification, & Facts | Britannica. (2024, May 15). Www.britannica.com. https://www.britannica.com/animal/fish#ref63624
Hughes, L. C., Ortí, G., Huang, Y., Sun, Y., Baldwin, C. C., Thompson, A. W., Arcila, D., Betancur-R., R., Li, C., Becker, L., Bellora, N., Zhao, X., Li, X., Wang, M., Fang, C., Xie, B., Zhou, Z., Huang, H., Chen, S., & Venkatesh, B. (2018). Comprehensive phylogeny of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) based on transcriptomic and genomic data. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(24), 6249–6254. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719358115

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The planet is home to an astounding number of animal species ranging from 20 to 30 million, each having their own distinct perception on the world. Incredible species with which we cohabit our world.
Animal Facts: 16 Incredible Facts about Animals You Didn't Know

The Zoological Line

ACTINOPTERI

AVES

AMPHIBIA

INSECTA

MALACOSTRACA

MAMMALIA

REPTILIA

BIVALVIA

EUCHELICERATA

CHILOPODA

CEPHALOPODA

REFERENCES

BSED SCIENCE PUP

QUICK LINKS

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The planet is home to an astounding number of animal species ranging from 20 to 30 million, each having their own distinct perception on the world. Incredible species with which we cohabit our world. Animal Facts: 16 Incredible Facts about Animals You Didn't Know

The Zoological Line

ACTINOPTERI

AVES

AMPHIBIA

INSECTA

MALACOSTRACA

MAMMALIA

REPTILIA

BIVALVIA

EUCHELICERATA

CHILOPODA

CEPHALOPODA

REFERENCES

BSED SCIENCE PUP

QUICK LINKS

OTHER LINKS

The planet is home to an astounding number of animal species ranging from 20 to 30 million, each having their own distinct perception on the world. Incredible species with which we cohabit our world.
Animal Facts: 16 Incredible Facts about Animals You Didn't Know